Learning How to Become a Massage Therapist Essay

All things considered, my back rub profession was monetarily compensating as well as sincerely fulfilling also, realizing that I was helping individuals conquer their worries throughout everyday life and helping them carry on with a more advantageous existence with less torment. Everything began with scouring my grandfather’s feet as a child. Who realized that I was building up my feeling of touch for the alleviation of stress while rivaling my siblings to see who could get my granddad to nod off the quickest by scouring his feet? I had no clue about that in those early days, I would take that information and transform it into a beneficial vocation. But then as fulfilling as it seemed to be, it was significantly more burdening on my body than I had foreseen. Be that as it may, turning into a back rub specialist wasn’t as simple as simply going to class to gain proficiency with a couple of strokes. It previously took learning Anatomy, Physiology, Kinesiology, and Pathology, at that point learning different methods and putting them to rehearse. The entire procedure was somewhat overwhelming from the outset, in light of the fact that at that point, I truly didn’t have any information on muscles, bones, tendons, or ligaments substantially less about the numerous frameworks in our bodies, similar to the cardio vascular framework, respiratory framework or the endocrine framework. The book concentrating alone took a great deal of time, on the grounds that there was a ton to retain. I genuinely didn’t realize that there would have been that much book learning. In any case, much like Frederick Douglass in Learning to Read and Write, where he said â€Å"When I was sent on tasks, I generally took my book with me, and by doing one piece of my task rapidly, I discovered chance to get an exercise in,† I conveyed my book with me much wherever I went so that on the off ch ance that I had only a couple of additional minutes, I could consider. In spite of all the remembrance, the principle part to rub treatment was learning the genuine delicate tissue control methods and effectively utilizing them. The most widely recognized sort of back rub that is polished in the United States is called Swedish back rub. The source of Swedish back rub was created by Per Henrik Ling (1776-1889), who was a Swedish physiologist, when he created what he called â€Å"medical gymnastics†, which later became what we call Swedish back rub today. The parts to Swedish back rub are effleurage, massaging, erosion, extending and tapotement. Inâ class, we previously took in these methods from our books each part in turn, and each area of the body in turn. We at that point invested energy rehearsing what we had realized on our kindred understudies. I won’t lie; it was extremely pleasant getting 4 back rubs seven days, despite the fact that toward the start of school, we were all the while learning legitimate strategy and some different understudies basically didn't have the foggiest idea what they were doing. However, there were commonly I had nodded off during the pragmatic piece of class as we each rehearsed our way to deal with the different pieces of back rub. As the many months passed by, the expectation to absorb information got simpler and simpler to defeat as everybody turned out to be progressively acquainted with all the data in the book and improved their strategy from the numerous long stretches of training day by day in class. Not exclusively were we rehearsing the best possible developments in rub, y et in addition fitting situating of a customer to look after humility. Truly, as a result of the very idea of back rub, and in light of the fact that the customer is typically stripped and helpless, some portion of the learning procedure was the means by which to flip a customer cautiously, without presenting them to the whole room, particularly since we were in a huge live with the entirety of our kindred understudies. This part was likely the trickiest, taking into account that a sheet can without much of a stretch move as an individual is moving and flipping over underneath it and only isn’t as basic as it might appear. Ordinarily, the sheet would get hung up on a body part that at last would show someone’s under districts to the remainder of the free world that may be inside visual perception. Be that as it may, with training, it got simpler and maybe like natural. Maybe a most astonishing aspect regarding my involvement with figuring out how to turn into a Massage Therapist was the means by which sore my entire body would be following seven days in class. Despite the fact that I was quite fit at that point, and turned out to be routinely, knead treatment demonstrated to work my muscles in manners that I hadn’t done as such previously. Not exclusively did my hands hurt, which was normal with all the dull movement, however my neck and back also for exactly the same explanation. When I had gotten done with my entry level position at the school, I had an inclination that I had been pounded by hurricane. Be that as it may, taking the Texas State Boards for my permit was presumably the mos t unpleasant and burdening occasion of the whole procedure in turning into a Massage Therapist. Despite the fact that I was sure about my insight for the various decision test, the one thing that a great many people had bombed in the past was the video part of the test, to show legitimate hanging of a customer. Fortunately, I didn’t need to flip my customer on the table, and the chance of glimmering theâ camera was lessoned. At long last, it was a disgrace that I in the end needed to quit filling in as a Massage Therapist on account of a physical issue in my grasp. Carpal passage isn’t only a condition that influences individuals who type normally; it can influence anybody that abuses their wrists or hands. It caused such crippling torment for me, which made me change a satisfying profession that I accepting significant consideration to learn as much as Possible to make me as solid of a Massage Therapist as I could oversee.

A Tradition of Spirituals Essay -- Essays Papers

A Tradition of Spirituals Starting point of Spirituals A Look at Prominent Composers and Performers Counting Literary Analysis of Spirituals: Swim In the Water Mid year No one Knows De Trouble I've Seen Profound River At times I Feel Like A Motherless Child I Want Jesus To Walk With Me Spirituals: Age to Age Starting point of Spirituals African American spirituals are one mode through which the songs and rhythms of Africa discovered their approach to America. Spirituals emerged out of the tunes the slaves would sing working in the fields on the ranches. In the fields the slaves built up a melodic blend of call and reaction which gets normal for gospel singing. Early spirituals represented various reasonable capacities for the slaves. Some were a method of correspondence or a guide toward the North. Beside these reasons, their melody was a sob for opportunity and salvation. - - - - - A Look at Prominent Composers and Performers Henry Thacker Burleigh (1866-1949) Henry Thacker Burleigh. was conceived on December 2, 1866,in Erie, Pennsylvania. His mom was a household specialist, and it was favorable to youthful Henry that his mom was so utilized. His mom's manager, Mrs. Elizabeth Russell, would hold shows by notable entertainers in her home and Burleigh was allowed to join in. His enthusiasm for music was accute even at this youthful age and it would proceed for an amazing duration and distinguished vocation. Burleigh sang in the ensembles at St. Paul's and the Park Presbyterian Church just as at the Reform Jewish Temple. It appeared that he was continually singing. He sang while he worked at employments, for example, transcriber (which he took on to s... ...adition, in shifting structures, today. - - - - - Book index Pastry specialist's Biographical Dictionary of Music. Seventh Edition Boatner, Edward. I Want Jesus To Walk With Me, System Music Corp.,1939. New York Burleigh, H.T. Collection of Negro Spirituals, Belwin, Inc., Florida. 1969 Information Adventure. Inc. (1998) Gospel Music: Where Blues and Spirituals Meet n.pag. On the web. Web. 18 Nov. 1998. Available:http://www.orat.ilst.edu/understudies/kgtarra Sionimsky, Nicholas, Schiemer Books. Guide of Macmillan, Inc. New York. 1900. Terrance, Kelvin. African American Music: The Spiritual.(1996): n.pag. Online.Internet. 18 Nov. 1998. Accessible: htttp://www.orat.ilst.edu/understudies/kgtarra. - - - - -

How Yoga Can Benefit Patients With Eating Disorders

How Yoga Can Benefit Patients With Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Treatment Print How Yoga Can Benefit Patients With Eating Disorders By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 03, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 27, 2020 Thomas Barwick / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention As yoga has become mainstream in the West, its potential health benefits have become more widely recognized. Yoga is clearly more than a trendy diversionâ€"but does it have specific benefits for patients with eating disorders? General Benefits of Yoga According to the Yoga Alliance, “yoga was developed up to 5,000 years ago in India as a comprehensive system for well-being on all levels: physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual.” Although there are a wide variety of approaches to its practice, all approaches to yoga strive to improve health. Yoga practice most commonly combines stretching and physical postures with deep breathing, mindfulness, and meditation. Yoga can help improve fitness, strength, balance, and flexibility. It has been shown to reduce pain and help with adjustment to and symptoms related to medical conditions such as diabetes, asthma, multiple sclerosis, and cancer. It can also improve sleep and help reduce anxiety and depression. In addition, performing yoga in a studio offers the ability to connect with others and creates a feeling of belonging. Although the mechanisms by which yoga creates these benefits are not fully understood, research shows that yoga increases the levels of the brain neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric (GABA), which can help combat anxiety and depression. It also appears that mindfulness meditation, a common component of yoga, is associated with changes in the volume of certain regions of the brain believed to be involved in regulating emotional response. Brain studies have observed these brain changes amongst meditators who meditate for as little as 30 minutes a day for eight weeks. Reasons Why Yoga Might Be Helpful for Eating Disorders Residential eating disorder treatment centers have been increasingly adding adjunctive treatments such as yoga to their offerings. Many patients and treatment professionals have noted benefits from yoga, but at the current time there are only a number of formal studies: In one study, adolescents in outpatient eating disorder treatment who participated in yoga showed greater decreases in eating disorder symptoms.Another study showed that yoga combined with mindful eating reduced binge eating amongst adult female outpatients with binge eating disorder.A pilot study showed that adolescent girls who participated in yoga, in addition to standard multidisciplinary outpatient eating disorder treatment, had  decreased anxiety, depression, and body image disturbance.A study of adults showed that those who practiced yoga had higher levels of body satisfaction and those yoga practitioners with prior low body satisfaction showed greater increases.A study of adults with bulimia nervosa showed reductions in eating disorder psychopathology following yoga group treatment at posttest and at 6-month follow-up. There are reasons to believe yoga may be helpful for patients with eating disorders. Patients with eating disorders commonly experience negative and distorted body image. Yoga encourages self-acceptance and peace. It helps practitioners to experience their body in a different way. Rather than focusing on their external appearance, yoga helps practitioners to experience their bodies internally, mindfully, and non-judgmentally. Indeed, research has shown yoga is associated with a reduction in both body dissatisfaction and the drive for thinness. Yoga may help improve body image. Yoga incorporates the practices of relaxation, mindfulness, and breathing strategies. These practices are all empirically supported treatments for anxiety, which is a common component of eating disorders. Psychologist Robin Boudette, a proponent of yoga for the treatment of eating disorders, provides this qualitative description of benefits: Yoga also enables patients to experience their bodies in a new way. Living in a society that values how you look more than how you feel, eating disorder patients often relate to the body as an ornament; they suffer from a disconnection from the body, feelings, appetites, and inner experience...Many patients become much more aware of the body for how it feels, rather than how it looksâ€"which opens a window into a new experience of the body off the yoga mat. How to Get Started With Yoga One of the advantages of yoga is that it is widely available and affordable. However, it should be used as an adjunct to other more traditional treatments and not as a stand-alone treatment for an eating disorder. Please be aware that yoga may not be advisable for all patients with eating disorders. Over-exercise is a common symptom of eating disorders and individuals with eating disorders may approach yoga in an unhealthy, obsessive way. Any exercise undertaken during recovery should only be done in moderation and with permission from your treatment team. For many, but especially for those with restrictive eating disorders, it can be dangerous to exercise at all during early recovery. Lastly, the intensity of hot or Bikram yoga could be dangerous and may not offer the same mindfulness benefits as traditional yoga. If yoga is appropriate for you, it is important to find a yoga teacher and studio that supports the acceptance of a variety of body shapes and sizes. If you are in recovery from an eating disorder you should avoid teachers and studios that actively encourage the use of cleanses, fasts or restrictive diets. While these are sometimes associated with the yoga lifestyle, they are not traditionally a part of yoga and are incompatible with eating disorder recovery. Taken gently and with caution, yoga may help facilitate recovery and bring greater self-awareness and self-acceptance. The relaxation and mindfulness that can be learned from yoga practice may also be useful recovery tools. You can read a good intro to some basic poses to get started.

Multiculturalism, Cultural, And Cultural Culture - 810 Words

Define multiculturalism, cultural, race, worldview, cultural pluralism, cultural deficit, and post-structuralism. Multiculturalism. Multiculturalism is a philosophical movement to ensure all members of a pluralistic society are reflected in the organization or school. Cultural. Cultural refers to the shared beliefs, behaviors, and values by a human group. Race. Race relates to the physical characteristics of a person. World View. World view is based a person’s view of an person or society and their point of view. Cultural Pluralism. Cultural pluralism is where micro groups exist in the larger group or society they are a part of. They maintain their unique identities. Cultural Deficit. In education, a cultural deficit refers to a model where others view students that were minority or poor as deficient due to differences in language, attitudes towards school, and social attitudes and practices. Post Structuralism. Post structuralism is a philosophical response to structuralism. Do you agree with Rosado’s definition of multiculturalism? Would you add or delete information to/from his definition? I do not totally agree with Rosado’s (1996) definition of multiculturalism. Specifically, I don’t believe it’s necessary to acknowledge a person’s differences. Quite frankly, I would be horrified. I believe it is important to give every person an opportunity based on qualifications and the needs of the organization. Rosado (1996) also writes in hisShow MoreRelatedMulticulturalism Is The Preservation Of Different Cultures Or Cultural Identities Within A Unified Society?1669 Words   |  7 Pages Multiculturalism is the preservation of different cultures or cultural identities within a unified society, as a state or nation (Dictionary.com, 2013). Canada is a country full of many different ethnicities and cultures, but even though Canada is housing them, it’s just not working. Problems in multiculturalism are most prominent in three areas, the communities, the schools and the workforce. Multiculturalism in the communities are facing struggle because of the cities’ appeal to new immigrantsRead MoreA Brief Note On Multiculturalism And Culture And The Different Variations Of How Cultural Categories Are Separated And Defined984 Words   |  4 Pages1. Describe the meaning of multiculturalism in your own words. In this essay the emphasis is to be on culture and the different variations of how cultural categories are separated and defined. The primary focus is that of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism, as defined by Merriam-Webster is â€Å"relating to or including many different cultures†. It is multicultural in adjective form. I find this interesting because an adjective is something that doesn’t stand alone, it needs a helper to make it becomeRead MoreMulticulturalism : Is It A Issue?1735 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years multiculturalism has fast become a pressing issue in our modern world. Especially in the western world where liberal democracy is embraced as the dominant philosophy. As Globalization occurs the borders between countries previously writ in stone are now blurred. Globalization has increased the inter-connectedness of our world. The world appears to have become smaller. Mankind as a species has become more interconnected than ever before, due to technolo gical advancements, such as theRead MoreAssignment 2 : A Multicultural Society807 Words   |  4 PagesPaper A multicultural society is where a diverse group of races, cultures, and different ethical background coexist together in a country, state, city, community or neighborhoods. Basically, a ground of people from different backgrounds living together in the same community. Multiculturalism is when these diverse groups have the same rights and treatment in society or by society. Multiculturalism is when different racial groups and cultures have the same opportunities, and equal rights without prejudiceRead MoreMulticulturalism Should Not Be Accepted1665 Words   |  7 PagesMulticulturalism can be defined as the promotion of the mixture of different cultural, religious and linguistic group which include the idea of equal respect toward differences and acceptance of the contribution of immigrants to a country (Zanca, 2015). It has been considered as a controversial topic which has been debated from the middle of the 20th century especially in European countries and in Australia. In discu ssing to what extent should cultural differences be accepted in a multicultural societyRead MoreCultural Appropriation And Multiculturalism :960 Words   |  4 PagesSociology 135 | December 4, 2015 Cultural appropriation and multiculturalism are seen as opposites that can either be seen separately or together, as in one example portraying both. Cultural appropriation is a dominant group participating or expressing in a minority groups’ aspect of their culture. Prior to the dominant group’s partaking in this, the aspect of the culture would have to be frowned upon or have been socially unaccepted. The main part that makes something cultural appropriation is that onceRead MoreThe Government of Canada and Multiculturalism Essay examples1670 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Multiculturalism† entered public speech in the late 1960s and early 1970s in Canada that focused on unique cultural diversity, nationalities, and ethnicity across the nation. Multiculturalism and Immigration are important factors in the development of Canada to attain a strong multicultural example of economic stability, social and political growth which leads to the emergence of Canada’s identity and culture. The artefact design indicates the deep understanding of Canadian Multiculturalism whichRead More The Complex Relationship Between Multiculturalism and Feminism837 Words   |  4 PagesThe Complex Relationship Between Multiculturalism and Feminism These days, it seems that multiculturalism is generally an assumed good. Increased acknowledgement of diversity and cultural sensitivity seem to be steps toward leveling the playing field for all human beings. And that is the goal of much scholarship and activism, right--to secure and ensure human rights across the board? That is one of global feminism’s aims, so it would seem that multiculturalism would help, not hinder, feministRead MoreMulticulturalism Is Closely Associated With Identity Politics1123 Words   |  5 PagesFor multiculturalism we understand that is the ideology or social organization model that affirms the possibility of living harmoniously in society between those groups or ethnic communities that are cultural, religious or linguistically different. Welcomes the cultural diversity and its starting point that no group has to lose their culture and own identity. The dominant culture has a consciousness of superiority over the dominated culture, showing attitudes of rejection, discrimination, and derogatoryRead MoreMulticultural Competence Of School Psychologists1031 Words   |  5 Pagesmultiracial children with racial, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic differences; multiple learning styles; native language learning; and changing family constellations. Some of today’s learners also come from families with multiple and/or generational family traumas and dysfunctions. These challenges and the shifts in student enrollment demographics are creating new demands on schools’ teaching and learning services. Multiculturalism, as practiced in the schools, is a process

The Cumulative Cost Of Additional Wakefulness Dose...

For Article Critique one I chose the article â€Å"The Cumulative Cost of Additional Wakefulness: Dose-Response Effects on Neurobehavioral Functions and Sleep Physiology From Chronic Sleep Restriction and Total Sleep Deprivation (P.A., H., Greg, M., Janet M., M., David F., D. (2003)†. This article was written and submitted for publication in 2003. I found this article very interesting due to the fact that I myself, work off a very unusual work schedule and feel that I am a victim of sleep deprivation personally. For example, I find that I maintain from 4-7.5 hours of sleep a night. This has become very taxing on me not only mentally but psychically. This is why I chose this article, it is personally relatable. This study was conducted using randomization of experimental groups. The participants were randomly chosen for each group, the 4 hour, 6 hour and 8 hour group (P.A., H., Greg, M., Janet M., M., David F., D. (2003). This was not a blind study, both the participants and the researchers knew which group they would be in and what they were being monitored for at all times. Participants also had full consent at all times, meaning they knew what was going to happen and when it was going to happen at all times. Of this specific study I do not think that these parameters, experimental and fully consensual, had any effect on the study itself or the given results. I believe that these results, which I am about to share with you, are valid and that this study can be replicated

Forms, Symptoms And Factors Of Breast Cancer Free Essays

string(27) " disease at about any age\." Breast malignant neoplastic disease is a disease in which the tissues of the chest signifier malignant malignant neoplastic disease cells. Normally the tubing which carry the milk to the mammilla ( canals ) and secretory organ ( lobules ) . It is common in both work forces and adult females ; male chest malignant neoplastic disease is rare although, it is considered a heterogenous disease differing by single, age group, and even the sorts of cells within the tumor themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Forms, Symptoms And Factors Of Breast Cancer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Types of Breast Cancers: Ductal Carcinoma: it is the non-invasive chest malignant neoplastic disease, which starts in the cell line of the chest ‘s canals, beneath the mammilla and areola. The canals supply milk to the mammilla. Between 85 % and 90 % of all chest malignant neoplastic diseases are ductal. Lobular Carcinoma: it begins in the lobes, or secretory organs which produce milk in the chest. These are located inside the chest, under the canals. About 8 % of chest malignant neoplastic diseases are lobular Inflammatory Breast Cancer: It is the least common, rapid signifier of chest malignant neoplastic disease, which can be progress about 1 % to 3 % to name. This chest will appears conceited and inflamed it causes by redness by taking the signifier of sheets or nests. It can get down in the soft tissues of the chest under the tegument, or it can look in the tegument Paget ‘s disease of the nipple/areola: this malignant neoplastic disease appears as skin roseola on the mammilla or unsmooth tegument. It can be resembles as itchy. The marks of rubing and may be under the surface of the tegument. This will bespeak a little Ductal carcinoma in suit ( DCIS ) Phases of Breast Cancer: Phase 0: is sometimes used to depict unnatural cells that are non invasive malignant neoplastic disease. For illustration, Stage 0 is used for Ductal carcinoma in situ ( DCIS ) . DCIS is diagnosed when unnatural cells are in the liner of a chest canal, but the unnatural cells have non invaded nearby breast tissue or spread outside the canal. Although many physicians do n’t see DCIS to be malignant neoplastic disease, DCIS sometimes becomes invasive chest malignant neoplastic disease if non treated. Phase I: is an early phase of invasive chest malignant neoplastic disease. Cancer cells have invaded chest tissue beyond where the malignant neoplastic disease started, but the cells have non spread beyond the chest. The tumour is no more than 2 centimeters ( three-fourthss of an inch ) across. Phase Two: is one of the followers: The tumour is no more than 2 centimeters across. The malignant neoplastic disease has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. The tumour is between 2 and 5 centimeters The malignant neoplastic disease has non spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. The tumour is larger than 5 centimeters.The malignant neoplastic disease has non spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. Phase Three: is locally advanced malignant neoplastic disease. It is divided into Phase III A: Breast Cancer-the tumour is larger than two centimeters but smaller than five centimeters ( about one to two inches ) and has spread to up to nine subsidiary underhand lymph nodes. Phase III B: Breast Cancer- the malignant neoplastic disease has spread to tissues near the chest including the tegument, chest wall, ribs, musculuss, or lymph nodes in the chest wall or above the clavicle. Phase Four: is distant metastatic malignant neoplastic disease. The malignant neoplastic disease has spread to other parts of the organic structure, such as the castanetss or liver. Incidence: How common is breast malignant neoplastic disease: As per the study in 2007, 45,700 adult females were victim of the chest malignant neoplastic disease. While in the same twelvemonth the work forces count goes to 277 were diagnosed. Incidence rate of chest malignant neoplastic disease in females around by 50 % over the last 20 five. Out of 10 eight of adult females 50 old ages of age were enduring from chest malignant neoplastic disease. Breast malignant neoplastic disease rates have increased up to 5 % in last 10 old ages. National Health Service ( NHS ) testing programmes were conducted in that more than 16,000 instances found in UK in 2007/2008. Among that NHS testing programme claim to salvage 1,000 lives each twelvemonth. Throughout the universe around 1.38 million adult females were diagnosed with the chest malignant neoplastic disease. Incidence rate of chest malignant neoplastic disease were extremely considerable in western in Europe, as per low rates considerable in Africa and Asia Europeans brotherhood shows breast malignant neoplastic disease were diagnosed around 332,000 in the twelvemonth of 2008. 12,000 adult females and 70 work forces were died from chest malignant neoplastic disease in 2008 in the UK. More than half of 70 old ages of age are died from chest malignant neoplastic disease. Worldwide 458,000 adult females are died from chest malignant neoplastic disease in 2008. It is the 2nd most common cause of decease of adult females after lung malignant neoplastic disease. In Europe brotherhood around 89,000 died from chest malignant neoplastic disease in 2008. Signs and Symptoms: Early chest malignant neoplastic disease normally does n’t do symptoms but as the tumor grows, it can alter how the chest looks or feels. The common alterations include: †¢ A ball or thickener in or near the chest or in the underhand country †¢ A alteration in the size or form of the chest †¢ Dimpling or rumpling in the tegument of the chest †¢ A mammilla turned inward into the chest †¢ Discharge ( fluid ) from the mammilla, particularly if it ‘s bloody Most symptoms of chest upset do non turn out to stand for implicit in chest malignant neoplastic disease. Benign chest diseases such as mastitis and fibro adenoma of the chest are more common causes of chest upset symptoms. The visual aspect of a new symptom should be taken earnestly by both patients and their physicians, because of the possibility of an implicit in chest malignant neoplastic disease at about any age. You read "Forms, Symptoms And Factors Of Breast Cancer" in category "Essay examples" Hazard Factors: Many of the most of import hazard factors for chest malignant neoplastic disease are beyond your control, such as age, household history, and medical history. However, there are some hazard factors you can command, such as weight, physical activity, and intoxicant ingestion. Age: The opportunity of acquiring chest malignant neoplastic disease increases as you get older. Most adult females are 60+ old ages old when they are diagnosed. Personal wellness history: Having chest malignant neoplastic disease in one chest increases your hazard of acquiring malignant neoplastic disease in your other chest. Besides, holding certain types of unnatural chest cells ( untypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ [ LCIS ] , or Ductal carcinoma in situ [ DCIS ] ) increases the hazard of invasive chest malignant neoplastic disease. These conditions are found with a chest biopsy. Family wellness history: Your hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease is higher if your female parent, male parent, sister, or girl had breast malignant neoplastic disease. The hazard is even higher if your household member had breast malignant neoplastic disease before age 50. Having other relations ( in either your female parent ‘s or male parent ‘s household ) with chest malignant neoplastic disease or ovarian malignant neoplastic disease may besides increase your hazard. Hazard factors you can command: Weight: Being overweight is associated with increased hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease, particularly for adult females after climacteric. Fat tissue is the organic structure ‘s chief beginning of estrogens after climacteric, when the ovaries stop bring forthing the endocrine. Having more fat tissue means holding higher estrogens degrees, which can increase chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard. Exercise: Evidence is turning that exercising can cut down chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard. The American Cancer Society recommends prosecuting in 45-60 proceedingss of physical exercising 5 or more yearss a hebdomad. Alcohol ingestion: Surveies have shown that chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard additions with the sum of intoxicant a adult female drinks. Alcohol can restrict your liver ‘s ability to command blood degrees of the endocrine estrogens, which in bend can increase hazard. Smoke: Smoke is associated with a little addition in chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard. Treatment: Womans enduring with chest malignant neoplastic disease have many types of intervention options. The intervention options are best for one adult female may non be best for another. The intervention options are: Surgery Radiation therapy Hormone therapy Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Among this Surgery and radiation therapy are types of local therapy. They remove or destroy malignant neoplastic disease in the chest. Hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy are types of systemic therapy. The drug enters in to bloodstream and destruct or controls malignant neoplastic disease throughout the organic structure. The intervention that ‘s right for you depends chiefly on the phase of the malignant neoplastic disease, the consequences of the endocrine receptor trials, the consequence of the HER2/neu trial, and your general wellness. Surgery Presents Surgery is the most common intervention for chest malignant neoplastic disease. It consist of 2 types Breast-sparing surgery: This type of surgery is to take the malignant neoplastic disease but non the chest. It besides called breast-conserving surgery. It can be a lumpectomy or a segmental mastectomy. Sometimes an excisional biopsy is the lone surgery a adult female needs because the sawbones removed the whole ball. Mastectomy: This type of surgery is to take the full chest ( or ) as much of the chest tissue as possible. In some instances, a skin-sparing mastectomy may be an option. Approach the sawbones removes every bit small tegument as possible. The sawbones normally removes one or more lymph nodes from under the arm to look into for malignant neoplastic disease cells. If malignant neoplastic disease cells are found in the lymph nodes, other malignant neoplastic disease interventions will be needed. ( For more about information about lymph node biopsy, you may take to hold breast Reconstruction. This is fictile surgery to reconstruct the form of the chest. It may be done at the same clip as the malignant neoplastic disease surgery or subsequently. In breast-sparing surgery, the sawbones removes the malignant neoplastic disease in the chest and some normal tissue around it. Radiation Therapy It besides called as radiation therapy it can be used to kill high-energy beams of malignant neoplastic disease cells. It affects cells merely in the portion of the organic structure that is treated. These are 2 types External radiation therapy: in this therapy radiation comes from a big machine outside the organic structure. A intervention is normally 5 yearss a hebdomad for 4 to 6 hebdomads. External radiation is the most common type used for chest malignant neoplastic disease. Internal radiation therapy: ( implant radiation therapy or brachytherapy ) . The physician places one or more thin tubings inside the chest through a bantam scratch. A radioactive substance is loaded into the tubing. The intervention session may last for a few proceedingss, and the substance is removed. When it ‘s removed, no radiation remains in your organic structure. Side effects chiefly depend on the dosage and type of radiation. It ‘s common for the tegument in the treated country to go ruddy, dry, stamp, and itchy. Your chest may experience heavy and tight. Internal radiation therapy may do your chest expression red or bruised Hormone Therapy: It may besides name anti-hormone intervention. If laboratory trials show that the tumour in your chest has hormone receptors, so hormone therapy may be an option. Hormone therapy supports malignant neoplastic disease cells from acquiring or utilizing the natural endocrines ( estrogen and Lipo-Lutin ) they need to turn. Chemotherapy: In Chemotherapy we have to utilizations drugs to kill malignant neoplastic disease cells. The drugs that are treated in chest malignant neoplastic disease are normally given through a vena ( endovenous ) . The side effects depend chiefly on which drugs are given and how much. Chemotherapy kills aggressive malignant neoplastic disease cells, but the drugs can besides harm normal cells that divide quickly. They are blood cells, cell in hair roots, cells in the digestive path. Targeted Therapy: In Some adult females with breast malignant neoplastic disease may have drugs called targeted therapy. These drugs can barricade the growing of chest malignant neoplastic disease cells. For illustration, targeted therapy may barricade the action of an unnatural protein which stimulates the growing of chest malignant neoplastic disease cells. Class Action Examples SERMs ( selective estrogen-receptor modulators ) Bind to estrogen receptors in chest malignant neoplastic disease cells, hungering malignant neoplastic disease cells Estrogen antagonist Evista ( raloxifene ) Fareston ( toremifene ) Aromatase inhibitors It stops the production of estrogen in adrenal secretory organ Armasin ( exemestane ) Femera ( cletrozole ) Arimidex ( ahastrozole ) Biologic response qualifier It binds the protein on chest malignant neoplastic disease cells and prevents their growing Herceptin ( megestrol ) Other hormonal therapies Breast malignant neoplastic disease dependant on estrogen for endurance treated on other hormonal therapy zoladex ( goserelin ethanoate ) Faslodex ( fulvestrant ) How to cite Forms, Symptoms And Factors Of Breast Cancer, Essay examples

Tobias WolffS Say Yes Essays - Say Yes, Husband,

Tobias Wolff'S ?Say Yes? Say Yes Brian Bertolucci Eng 1B T-Th 12:30-2:00 9/28/99 Essay 1 A Point by Point Analytical View of Tobias Wolffs Say Yes Say Yes is an emotional sorry of love and its pitfalls. The husband loves his wife dearly but fails to really know that all she wants to hear is affirmation of her proposal of love despite the racial undertone involve. The Husband does not come to the realization of this concept until the end of the story when he accepts the proposal and puts forth the effort to make it up to Ann The story begins around dusk, one evening in a non descript kitchen on El Camino Street in some unnamed American ghetto. The mood of the evening soon changes for the worse. While a husband and a wife wash dishes they quibble about inter-racial marriage, specifically Caucasian and African. Ann, the wife, proposes a question, Im black, but still me, and we fall in love. Will you marry me? Tobias Wolff parallels the narrative tone with the considerate loving attitude of the Husband, which makes the delicate subject matter of inter-racial marriage easier to confront in the short story Say Yes. There are only two Characters mentioned in the story. The Husband has extensive knowledge of African-American culture, although not being of that particular race himself. He is considerate and devoted to his wife Ann. This is displayed while helping his wife with the dishes every night and assisting with the remainder of the housework. A friend of his wifes congratulated her on having such a considerate husband; it was true he tried to show consideration towards his wife through his works. The second individual is Ann. Wolff does not divulge Anns everyday character, but displays Anns indifference to her Husbands assessment of the subject matter. As Ann turns the pages of a magazine.she was too angry to be actually reading it, but she didnt snap through the pages the way he would have done., displaying her displeasure at her Husbands sentiment that it was wrong to marry out of racial class ification. Wolff writes the short story from the first person perspective of the Husband who, went to school with blacks worked with blacks and lived on the same street with blacks and always gotten along just fine., however; Wolff did not intend for the reader to perceive that the Husband is racist. Although his wife feels two cultures with two distinct backgrounds could know one another; her Husbands insight of multi-cultured relationships remained unchanged. Although in love, two people of differing races or cultures could never conceptually know each other. The Husband loves his wife and the narrator writes through the tenderness of the Husbands eye. When Ann slices her finger re-washing the silverware, all animosity is lost as he scrambles up stairs to get her a Band-Aid as a peace offering to cease the argument. He finishes the cleaning in the kitchen and goes as far as to mop the floor while he waits for the frustration and anger to subside in his Wife. The author carefully crafts the story so that every detail contributes to a certain unique or single effect, whether it is as complex as irony or as simple as depiction of feelings. The Husband describes his absolute love for Ann as he reminisces about the years he spent with her and how deeply he knows her, his throat tightened so that he could hardly breathe. His face and neck began to tingle. Warmth flooded his chest. This word picture vividly presents the picture of a man who in his heart loves his wife. There are examples exemplifying the sharp contrast between the Husbands perception that he and his wife know each other and the ironic certainty that his wife doesnt feel the same way. The husband states, A person from their culture and a person from our culture could never really know each other. Like you know me? the wife asks. Yes. Like I know you. the husband replies, yet he would still not marry her if she was African. In the conclusion of the story the Husband gives up and whispers to Ann th at

Crimes misc0 essays

Crimes misc0 essays two young women. After talking with Sonia, Raskolnikov fully confesses to the murder, and is sentenced to eight years in a siberian prision. Sonia follows him and with her help, Raskolnikov begins his regeneration. Rodian Raskolnikov is best seen as two characters. He often acts in one manner, and then suddenly in a manner completly contradictory. Raskolknikov is best described when Razumihim attempts to explain Raskolknikov to his mother and sister as being a "morose, gloomy, proud fanciful. He has a noble nature and a kind heart...he would rather do a cruel thing than open his heart freely. Sometimes, though, he is not at all morbid, but simply cold and inhumanly callous, its as if he were alternating between two characters." (Dostoevsky 200) His two characters are best interpreted as 1)his detatched, cold, intellectual side which emphasizes "power" and "self will" and 2) his warm compassionate humane side which suggests self-submissive and meekness. The intellectual side is a result of his deliberate and premeditated actions, such as the theories he formulated about the crimes. The other side of his character, the warm compassionate side, operates without and interfering thought process. Ironically the two murders that he ends up committing relate back to the two aspects of Raskolnikov's character. In this dual murder, he has killed one person who is mean, wicked, and cold (Alyona), and a second, Lizaveta, who is warm, friendly, human, compassionate, and exceedingly innocent person. But does the author ever remind us of the murder at any time in the novel again? Not in the physical sense of the crime itself. The reader doesn't hear how heavily the murderers are weighing on his heart, or how he is tormented by the visions of the crime, only his pride's hurt. Raskolknikov never again recalls the massive amounts of blood everywhere, the ...

Ideas for Kindergarten Science Fair Projects

Ideas for Kindergarten Science Fair Projects Kindergarten science projects give kindergarten students the opportunity to explore science by making observations and predictions based on the observations. Concepts should be easy to understand and materials used in the science projects should be non-toxic and easy for small hands to manage. In many cases, kindergarten science involves group projects, so students can brainstorm ideas. Here are some examples of kindergarten science projects. Experiment with ColorEither offer students finger paints in the primary colors, clay, or food coloring solutions and ask them to predict what will happen when they mix two of the colors. What do they expect will happen when they mix ​an  unequal amount of colors? What if they mix all three colors?​ If possible, offer colored transparent sheets or tissue paper. Mixing colors of light produces very different results from mixing paints! Ask students what makes light different. This exercise offers a good opportunity to discuss the concept of a hypothesis. Ask kindergarten students to predict what will happen when different colors are mixed. Explain that one different between a guess and a hypothesis is that a hypothesis is based on information gathered from observations.Blow a Bigger BubbleAsk students if they think all bubble wands produce the same size and shape of bubbles. Test various bubble wands to see if their predictions are accurate. See if kindergarten students can make their own bubble wands from materials such as straw, strings, rolled and taped pieces of paper, etc. Which bubble wand produced the best bubble? Liquids and MixturesPrepare containers of oil, water, and syrup. Ask the kindergarten students to describe the properties of the liquids and to make predictions about what will happen if these liquids are mixed together. Have students mix the liquids and discuss what happened.What Makes Something Alive?Gather a collection of living and nonliving objects. Ask kindergarten students to decide what characteristics are necessary for something to be alive. Do the living objects possess these characteristics? How about the non-living objects?Density ProjectHave students study density. Explain the concept of density. Collect small objects that can fit in a cup of water (e.g., coin, ​a  piece of wood, plastic toy, stone, polystyrene foam). Ask the students to order the objects according to density, then drop each item into the water and see what happens.Explore MagnetismTalk about magnetism. Take a pair of bar magnets and ask students to predict which materials might be magnetic. Hav e the kindergarten students test objects for magnetism. Now ask ​a  student to predict what will happen when two magnets approach each other. Discuss the results. Diffusion and TemperaturePrepare a glass of hot water and a glass of cold water. Ask kindergarten students what they expect will happen when food coloring is dropped into a glass of water. Do they think there will be a difference between what happens if the temperature of the water is changed? Investigate what happens when the food coloring is dripped into each glass and discuss the process of diffusion.Describe an EcosystemWhat is an ecosystem? This science project involves having kindergarten students come up with a definition for an ecosystem. Then, go outside, measure off a square meter of ground, and have students catalog what is in that particular ecosystem. The concept of a food chain could be introduced as well.ClassificationScientists classify animals, plants, minerals, and stars according to similarities. Often, there are disagreements about the best way to group things. Offer students a variety of objects and ask them to classify them and explain how they were grouped. If students choose different groupings, open the discussion so students understand why it sometimes takes scientists hundreds of years to reach agreement. This exercise also demonstrates there may be more than one right way to accomplish a task in science. Star Versus PlanetIn the modern age, astronomers seek planets using high powered magnification and a variety of instruments that detect types of radiation. How do kindergarten students think early scientists knew the difference between stars and planets? Ask students to go outside and find at least one planet in the night sky. Many free apps are available to make this easy. Then, ask them to compare the appearance of a planet to the stars and identify differences between them. Ask them how reliable they think these criteria are.

TQM Strategy & Toolkit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

TQM Strategy & Toolkit - Essay Example rts as it can be used for identifying organizational procedures, ideas, cause and effect matters and business statistics that are related to the business organization. This piece of research work is an attempt to examine the relevance and organizational significance of Total Quality Management with relation to the case of Financial Collection Solutions and Services (FCSS). This paper identifies most appropriate TQM tools that can help the company develop its software based business of credit cards and other payment solutions. The concept of Total Quality Management and its importance in the business and economy have dramatically increased in recent years because it has been considered to be an effective strategy that can help managers to become accustomed to the changes in both technology and changing customer attitudes as well customer demands. When the business contexts continue changing and are challenged by innovative and technological advances, the business must be able to adjust with changes and to provide goods and services according to the changing business contexts. Customers, competitors, employees and stakeholders all are putting maximum pressure on managers to quickly innovate and change the business route. Total Quality Management is one approach that has emerged to meet these changing forces. This approach also has been termed as Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) and Leadership Through Quality (LTQ) (Brown and Harvey). One of the very basic tasks and objectives of the management is to achieve quality in the business. According to Peter F Drucker, a business must be able to create a customer in a way that it can satisfy him by providing some product or services that he wants (Burril and Ledolter, 1999). A business can be said to have achieved the required ‘quality’ when it provides excellent products or services with required attractiveness, with no defects, and with reliability and long term dependability. Customers demand high value and

Structural equation modelling Research Proposal

Structural equation modelling - Research Proposal Example Skill was not found to impact trust. In addition, trust has a significant positive impact on long-term orientation of the relationship among SMEs. The origins of the structural equation modelling (SEM) have its roots in three disciplines: sociology, psychology and economics. In marketing SEM starts its application in November 1982 in the issue published by the Journal of Marketing Research (Bollen 1989). SEM grows out of and serves purposes similar to multiple regression, but in a more powerful way which takes into account the modeling of interactions, nonlinearities, correlated independents, measurement error, correlated error terms, multiple latent independents each measured by multiple indicators, and one or more latent dependents also each with multiple indicators. SEM may be used as a more powerful alternative to multiple regression, path analysis, factor analysis, time series analysis, and analysis of covariance. That is, these procedures may be seen as special cases of SEM, or, to put it another way, SEM is an extension of the general linear model (GLM) of which multiple regression is a part. In this analysis we apply SEM to examine the influence of reputation, flexibility, information exchange, power and skill on trust and consequently on long-term orientation. ... ng-term orientation is a central theme in marketing currently, it is crucial to know what are the variables that help explain successful long-term relationship building. The analysis is structured as follows. First, we give a brief description of SEM and its importance for marketing research, then we provide the bases for the interrelationship between the variables used in the model; this is followed by description of the design of the analysis and finally, discussion of the result is provided. Description of structural equation modelling and its applicability to the field of marketing SEM is usually viewed as a confirmatory rather than exploratory procedure, using one of three approaches: 1. Strictly confirmatory approach: A model is tested using SEM goodness-of-fit tests to determine if the pattern of variances and covariances in the data is consistent with a structural (path) model specified by the researcher. However as other unexamined models may fit the data as well or better, an accepted model is only a not-disconfirmed model. 2. Alternative models approach: One may test two or more causal models to determine which has the best fit. There are many goodness-of-fit measures, reflecting different considerations, and usually three or four are reported by the researcher. Although desirable in principle, this AM approach runs into the real-world problem that in most specific research topic areas, the researcher does not find in the literature two well-developed alternative models to test. 3. Model development approach: In practice, much SEM research combines confirmatory and exploratory purposes: a model is tested using SEM procedures, found to be deficient, and an alternative model is then tested based on changes suggested by SEM modification indexes. This

Happiness is a State of Mind :: Happiness Essays

Happiness is a state of mind. The dictionary definition is "feelings of joy and pleasure mingled together†. A feeling of happiness is more than just an experience of joy or pleasure. It is a state of mind where the individual feels that â€Å"life is good†. As Aristotle says, â€Å"happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.† I believe that everyone wants to be happy in life. One is abnormal if he prefers to be sad and alone. Happiness is something that must be practice according to John Lubbock. Well, I guess he’s right. I know happiness will come deep within us if only we set our minds on it. How could I promote happiness? Of course by beginning with myself. The saying, â€Å"10 percent is what happens to us and 90 percent is how we react with it† is one of my favorite. I may not be able to control what will happen to me, but surely, I always have the power over my emotions. In every circumstance, whether it may be good or bad, I must always keep those smiles plastered in my face. I must be thankful to God in whatever things happen for I know He’s always in control of everything. Another thing to do is for me to know my purpose in life. Since I already knew it, and I already realized what I really wanted in life, it is important for me to have a lot of faith in God and have self-confidence inside. Next is for me to, share God’s love to other people†¦ it may be through serving others. The feeling of making other people happy is something that I would never trade. Enjoying the company of my love ones also would bring happiness to me. If I would make a way to get even closer to my family and friends†¦ I bet that would be a sure source of happiness. Mark Twain believes that whoever is happy will make others happy, too. So if I wanted to promote happiness to others, I must have that happiness first. I could promote happiness to others by means of always smiling to them.

Impact of Advertisements on Youth

INTRODUCTION Television and Children: Today, TV is acquiring a strangehold on the lives of the children. The impact of television has been accentuated by the rapid nuclearisation of Indian middle class homes. Children who increasingly come home to empty homes in urban India watch a great deal of television much of it unsupervised. Television is threatening the minds of children and weakening the influence of parents on children. Television the entertainer, is more popular than television the informer and the educator.Children develop basic television literacy by simply watching television; no one needs to be taught to â€Å"read† television’s symbolic code. This audion-visual medium predominates in children’s life very early. Television viewing is often part of their everyday social behavior. It is decreasing community participation. Children made use of whoever was nearby; as joint participants and as a source of information or as live audience to childrenâ€⠄¢s comments. It seems that lack of provision of special activities which children do away from home is one significant factor in the amount of television they watch.Families with more money to spend on recreation and those who live in areas where a range of facilities are available and those who can provide alternatives to television watching are at an advantage. Television is changing what children do with their free time and even the nature of interaction within the home and between the members of their family. Playtime is adjusted to watch television so is sleep and study. Television became the central factor around which children and parents schedule their work time. The maximum re-scheduling is in the case of play.Seventy seven percent of the children interviewed by Sevanti Ninan a media researcher, said they organized their play according to television programmes. Eating did not need much re-scheduling. They ate as they watched. Children are sufficiently addicted to take in t heir favorite programmes. Children constitute the major section of the viewing audience. An interested and willing audience is more receptive to learning than a group of audience who have been forced into attendance. Television for children has become a focal point of their lives.Television is considered a remedy for problematic children. Just as ads bestowed a new kind of power upon child consumers. Television seems to distrupt conventional power dynamics between child and adult. Popular media complained that the television image has usurped the authority previously held by parents and teachers. As numerous youngsters indicated that they often watched programmes which their parents disapproved them to watch. In India most of these fears are compounded by the fact that the children watch mostly film based programmes.If there is one unifying force in Indian, it is the mania for watching movies, irrespective of age, class, language, sex, or background for the vast majority of children , Hindi films and film songs are the first choice and with the kind of satellite boom that India is witnessing today, there is no lack of films on television. In the past, anxieties about parental control had to do with the fact that television was heavily promoted in families with children. During the 1950’s Western countries manufactured and retailers discovered children were a lucrative consumer market for the sale of household commodities.Even at this young age, children can exercise choice. As one of the newest household items television was quickly recognized for its potential appeal to young children. The number of television sets tend to be high in families with children more than childless couples did. Audience research showed that parents believed that television could keep their children of the streets and thus from trouble. IMPACT OF TELEVISION ADVERTISING ON CHILDREN (Between the age groups of 7-14) ‘Yehi hai right choice baby, aha!Sang two young rag-picker s as they wade through a heap of rubbish gathering scraps of metal, paper and old bottles to sell. Hips swinging and voices raised the children seemed to be caught in a spirited bubble which for instance was lifting them above the dirt and filth on which they danced. Pepsi; the advertisement on television rules the minds and imagination of thousands of children regardless of their situation. At the first glance television is colorful. It is vital alive and visually spectacular. Television and advertisements go hand in hand they are an ssential part of today’s broadcasting. Children are becoming part of a universal tribe of human beings for whom television is as real and influential as parents or a school. They are absorbing new ideas and impressions about the world mediated by the television long before they are capable of articulating their own thoughts. Television has ushered in an information revolution. It has revolutionized the concept of leisure in India. Children are l ikely to be most vulnerable population to be influenced by the contents of television transmission.Television acts as a source of information, education, entertainment and consumerism and it is through these functions that it is likely to influence the viewer. Research on television and children have concluded that television has positive and negative consequences on children. On the other hand, TV viewing helps in seeking knowledge about different things and it inhibits child’s imaginative capabilities. Revolution in the Indian advertising scene: 1980’s have turned out to be dynamic decade for Indian advertisers and marketers. The introduction of color television during Asiad in Sept. 982, and later the emergence of serials culminating in perennial favourites like Ramayana and Mahabharata along with the realization by advertisers and marketers to capitalize on this electronic medium with its tremendous visual impact when advertising crossed the Rs. 200 crore mark, in 1988-89 from only Rs. 20 crore. Advertisements directly beamed at children either as consumers or as influencers has now become an important market strategy in India today. Kids are highly skilled, however, at getting their parents to purchase what they can’t buy for themselves.In this sense, they represent considerable buying behavior. Children do not react to advertisements in a vacuum. They’re influenced by what Mummy and Daddy say, what he/she knows about the product from television, friends and other sources. The first marketers to exploit television for their child oriented product was Food Specialities Ltd. , for their Maggie noodles, which was launched in 1983, March. According to a study conducted by the Business World Magazine (Feb. 1986) it became the most successful consumer product.Another kid directed product that met with a success was in the 80’s was Rasna softdrink concentrate made by Pioma Industries Ltd. They blantantly exploited the lovable c hild artistes and the powerful medium of television. Who doesn’t remember, â€Å"I Love You Rasna† lisped by child artist Ankita Jhaveri. Their sales increased from Rs. 80 lakhs in 1982 to 25 crores in 1988. Television became the major advertising medium followed by magazines and newspapers. Biscuits and toys are two major child-oriented products that have undergone a sea change during this decade.The toy market in India is now valued at Rs. 70 crores in this organized sector alone with a growth potential of 20-25%. Not surprisingly, television is the medium of choice for most advertisers targeting the child market. Many even quite young children watch adult programming and are consequently exposed to advertisements normally aimed at adults. When it comes to children’s perceptions of television advertising, it is clear that very young children see television in a conceptual vacuum in which they cannot distinguish one from the other and know that an advertisement is trying to sell them something.They are, however, unlikely to have any useful information base, or concept of price and value, by which they can make valid judgments of the television ads. Selectivity in viewing commercials increases with age. Another reason why television is so important, apart from its window to the world position is that it is the child’s most important sources of information is which allows the use of all the effects that appeal to kids. Children have a very low boredom threshold; a penchant for images and bright colors and an ability to absorb more details than adults in a shorter period of time (Travel weekly 9 Sept. 1991).The boredom threshold of a child is frustrating low; (Marketing week 21 Aug. 1992. ) Marketing consumer products to children; Advertising to children is no plain task. They are unpredictable, difficult to research, though highly conscious of things around them. Marketing communication that is straight, simple, honest and filled wit h fun is most likely to win their confidence as customers. There are various strategies in marketing to children. A direct appeal in which the promotion is directly oriented to kids for products like pencils, chocolates, soft drinks, etc. Another approach is directed to the parents through the child.The child is used as hook to buy the product, for all sort of products including consumer durables like Videocon washing machines. Children have thus become the innocent and hidden persuaders. Babies have been employed with winning effect in ads for ages, by Glaxo, Nestle and Johnson and Johnson. The Murphy Radio baby is still on calendars all over India. Children influence parents to buy products of their choice. Children themselves make purchases of goods and services for their personal use and satisfaction. With the nuclearisation of families, children are coming home to empty homes and end up watching longer hours of television.Parents who find less time to spend with their children feel guilty and adopt a softer attitude towards requests from children ranging from cereals to computers. Mothers perceive that television advertisements influences the children and they estimate the effects of commercials by the frequency with which their children attempt to influence the purchase at home. Parents are now vulnerable to their appeal and positive parental response varies depending up on the nature of appeal used by children. According to a study conducted by D.Stone who was the Marketing Manager of the London College of Printing and distributive trades. The study was titled â€Å"Advertising and Children†. When he asked the parents, How often does your child influence you on deciding on your purchases? The findings were; Food 8. 2%, Children’s Clothes 50%, Furniture 30% Holidays 50%, Parents Clothes 20%. And how do Children Perceive their influence on adults purchases. Do your grown-ups listen to your views when they buy. Drinks 75, Shoes 65%, Clothes 6 5. 6%, Sweets 62. 0%. Holidays 35%, Soaps 33%, Parents clothes 30. 8%. Advertisements in the multi-channel environment.The emergence of the multi-channel environment in 1991 seems to have brought with it at least some modest changes in overall ad scene. Children have more diverse range of products to chose from and are being promoted, especially on the networks channels. Moreover, the amount of advertising varies considerably across channel types. Displacement factors need to be taken into account when assessing the impact of advertising on children. The most important dispositional factor influencing the affects of TV ad is age, first class and third class children are more strongly affected by TV ads than children from fifth grade children.The greatest impact of television advertising on child is felt in their language, according to teachers of Delhi school where the study was conducted by Namita Unnikrishnan. They said that children now speak to one another in a â€Å"lingo† dotted with words, ———————home————————————————– Results: Parental guidance behaviors are generally too â€Å"unfocussed† to produce desired outcomes. Parents reports watching with their children and encouraging them to view appropriate programmes failed to alter children conception and talking to them about TV was effective only when educational shows were shown.Discouragement from watching objectionable shows also made children more critical, but parents own viewing habits were not the model of behavior and attitudes that had been anticipated. The children’s age was found to relate to their TV notions and to how parents guided their viewing but not to the relationships established between guidance and perceptions. Family views: The effect of training parents to mediate their Children’s viewing on children’s comprehension of commercials. Matthews, Denise Ph. D University of Florida 1994.Children form primary and secondary classes were pre-tested for three levels of comprehension of TV advt; ability to discriminate between programme and commercial and understanding the deceptive potential of commercial. Child’s pretest ability varied widely among the three levels of commercial comprehension and ability to discriminate commercials from programme was relatively high and increased only slightly in the post test and pretest level of understanding commercial’s deceptive potential was low and remained low on the post test.However, pretest measures of understanding the intent of commercials were mixed with scores of recognition and low scores on free response items. Significant pretest increased for the experimental group in articulating intent of the commercial. It suggests that parents can be motivated successfully to appreciate their children in understand ing the TV content and that they will be most effective when tapping comprehension within the child’s zone of proximal development. The relationship between TV exposure and physical activity among the 6th grade children. Francis, Lorna Lee, Ph.D University of Orgeon, 1983. Results: indicated that while there was statistically significant correlation between TV viewing time and physical activity, the magnitude of the relationship was insufficient to be of practical significance. There was also no significant relationship between TV viewing time and level of physical fitness. Children’s physical activity and their physical fitness were relatively independent of the TV viewing time. The perceived influence of TV on achievement in children and achievement and adolescents in Thailand. Chompaisal, Swangchit, Ph.D Illinois State University 1994. The research was conducted to study the perceived influence of TV viewing on the school achievement of children and adults in Thaila nd. Study based on a sample of 2520 children and adults from 6 regions of Thailand during second semester of 93-94. Results: Reveal that the children and adults spend an average of 21 hours a week in viewing television. Students who spend fewer hours watching television have higher school achievement. Parents who monitor their child’s television viewing contribute to better school achievement.Factorial analysis shows no statistically significant relationship between motivation of television viewing and the general performance at school. Need for Study Today, television is part of child’s growing environment. It has become a window through which they view the world. Advertisement and TV go hand in hand. TV without advertisement looks an unrealistic proposition. It is no exaggeration to say that TV Programmes are made keeping in view the ad support which can help them to sustain them for a longer period of time.It is no wonder that many a beautiful programmes had to be c ancelled due to lack of sponsors. Every child is a bundle of potentiality. An interested and willing audience is more receptive to learning than a group of viewers who have been forced into audience. Children are considered vulnerable and susceptible to TV influence. TV advertisement are the creation of brilliant minds and wonderfully talented people who have but one mission in life to persuade us to buy and buy. TV advertisements are masterpieces. These dressed messages get carried to adults and the children on the same level.TV Advertisements being brief, repetitive and catchy influences the kids. Advertisements can sometimes be unfair to children since they do not have the skill and the experience to process the advertisement messages in the context of reality and needs. Many of the advertisements aimed at children show that muscle and bluster get you what you want. If you want Babul bubble gun, the quickest way is to brandish a gun. Cartoons and computer games have an inordinate amount of violence and children soon get desensitized to the violence.Questions about effects of television advertisements on television have frequently been raised by Television critics. Investigators have examined the effects of TV programmes on children, but little published research exists in this area. Conversely much research has examined effects of television Advertisements, but the focus has been on adults rather than on children. It would be native to use these sources to derive hypothesis for research studies of effects of commercials on children. The content, structure and repetitive presentation of the commercials messages are different from programmes.So the effects on children and adults should be different. Moreover, hypothesis about effects of television advertisements on children simply cannot be derived from research with adults. A fourteen-year old boy was killed in Oct’97 when he tried to emulate the bungee-jumping shown in a popular TV soft drink adverti sement. What is ads doing to children and what is the impact of TV on children’s need to be given a thorough study in this era of consumerism. After all children are the most avid watches of Television programmes. It has become a central point in their lives.For all these reasons, the overall purpose of the present research programme is to explain the effects of television advertisement on children between 7-14 years of age. Objectives of the study: To study the viewership of children’s programme on DD National, DD-II, Sony Entertainment TV and Eenadu TV. To study the awareness, exposure and comprehension and recall of ads. To study the influence of advertisements on kids buying behavour. Scope: Two schools one located in Hyderguda St. Pauls Boys High School and the other is located in Chapel Road, Sujatha Public Girls School.Kids from 5th class to 10th Class where chosen for the study. Methodology The procedure adopted for the collection of the data was a questionnair e consisting of 17 close ended questions and two sub-questions and two open ended questions were asked. Universe The Universe for the study was two schools. The classes chosen from each school were six. The Universe for the study had 600 students. Sample A stratified random sample of the universe has been taken out of these 600 students. 120 students were taken as the sample for the study. That is around 20 percent. The sample consisted of equal number of boys and girls.Ten each from each class were taken. The questionnaire were later analyzed and tabulated accordingly. The ads were monitored for this research on four channels. DD National: Viewership and reach are the highest in India. It airs its programmes in Hindi the national language of India. Children’s Programmes; Great Expectations and Heman. DD-II: Viewership and reach many not the same as DD National. Airs a lot of children’s programmes everyday from 05. 00 pm to 07. 00. These include a variety of cartoon sh ows very popular with children. Children’s Programmes: Boy meet world, Flash Gordon, Blossom, Telesoccer,Rimba’s Island, Our friend the Dolphins, Quack Pack Spiderman, Mickey and Friends, Green Teen Quiz, Dennis the Menance, Jaldi Jaldi Game show, Goof Troops, Chip and Dale, Super Human Syber Squad, Heman and the Masters of the Universe. Sony Entertainment Television: Airs its programmes in Hindi. It is a satellite channel. Airs children’s programmes every day from 05 00 pm to 07 30 pm. The programmes include comedies and cartoon shows. Children’s Programmes: Bewitched, Different Strokes, Silver Spoons, He-man, Real Ghost Busters, who is the boss? Eenadu Television:Regional Channel Airs it programmes in te local language Telugu. The usual stuff films and film songs dominate the channel. Very less children’s programmes are aired. Children’s programmes: Charlie Chaplin, Bhale Denver, Stone Boy, Baboi Dennis. The ads that are aired during these programmes were monitored from 01. 12. 97 to 15. 12. 97. The ads were as follows: Food ads: Drinks-Coco-cola, Pepsi, Health drinks-Complan, Maltova, Top Ramen Smoodles, Maggie Rich Soups, Macaroni Pack Maggie Pickle, Kellogs Wheat Flakes, Kellogs Cornflakes, Milk Bikis, Kellogs Frosties, Eclairs Gems, Wriggley’s Juicy Fruit Bubblegum, Tez Tea.Choclates-Kit-kat, Cadbury’s, Perk, Nestle Milky Bar, Parry’s Maho Lacto king, Cadbury’s 5-star, Uncle Chips, Ruffles Lays, Big Babool, Boomer, Glucogold, Bourbon Biscuits, Dabur Honey, Allens Koffees, Frolicck Ice Cream, Alpenliebe and Annapurna Atta. Babu Foods: Cerelac and Farex. Clothes and Foot Wear: Garden pure silk, Kalanjali, Action Shoes, Books and stationary: Diamond comics, Stic Colur Pens, Zee Ball Pen, Mayapuri Film Magazine, Rotomac Pens, Archies Cards, Saber Free Styles pens, Dreamland Books, Reynolds pens, Jetter pen, Camlin Velvetta Ball pen. Others:Vardhaman Knitting Yarn, Raid (Insecticide), Novin o Gold Batteries, Aron Alpha, Hero Cycles, Sunrise coffee, Royale Paints, Rohan Badam Shrim, Sunny and Maxima Watch. Toys: Funskool, G I Joe. Medicinal: Borosoft, Hansaplast, Hajmola, Megamind 2 Plus Soaps: Dove, Lux, Jai, and Palmolive. Shampoos: Organics, Lux, Sunsilk, Heads and Shoulders. Tooth Pastes: Colgate, Close-up, Pepsodent. Creams: Lakme, Nivea and Charmis. These ads when analysed can be concluded safely that they are dominated by food ads. The number of chocolate ads are higher than any other product ads.These ads employ child artists. Operational Definitions 1. Awareness: The first stage of traditional adoption process. 2. Behaviour:Conduct, manners, general course of life, treatment of others, mode of action, response to stimulus. 3. Consumer:a term used to describe two different kinds of consuming entitles: Personal consumers and organizational consumers who buy products, equipment and services in order to run their organizations. 4. Decision:A choice made from tow or more alternatives. 5. Family:Two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption who reside together. . Marketing:Activities design to enhance the flow of goods, services and ideas from producers to consumers in order to satisfy consumer needs and wants. 7. Product:A product is a set of tangible and intangible attributes, including packaging, color, manufacturer’s prestige, retailer’s prestige and manufacturer’s and retailers services, which the buyer may accept as offering satisfaction of wants and needs.DATA PRESENTATION Total number of respondents-120 Boys-60 Girls-60 Do you watch TelevisionYes/NoPercent Boys60100 Girls60100 Total120100 ————— contd to page no 40 Data Analysis Majority of the respondents 80. 8% had cable connection, boys and girls were equal in this respect. About 41. 6% of the respondent watch about two hours of television daily. Children’s movies dominated the viewing time of the chidren (42 %). Followed closely by film-based programmes. 42% of the respondent liked cartoon shows. 76. 9% of the respondents said they liked ads but interesting thing to note is that though some did say they didn’t like advertisements they still could recall ads. 65. % of the respondents said they liked chocolate advertisements closely followed by 23% of clother’s and footwear ads. They liked to watched advertisements with children in action and equally adventure advertisements. It was closely followed by advertisements with sportsmen and film-stars (girls liked them more than the boys).Most os the respondents felt that advertisements did not influence them to buy the products, but few that it did influence them very much. More number of boys said that they will not pressurize their parents to buy the products where girls were equal in their positive and negative response. 5% of the respondents gave ambiguous response to the question that do they insist on buying the product af ter watching the advertisement 70% said ‘yes’ they do but for the earlier question they said they do not pressurize their parents to buy the product. 65% of the respondent said they received pocket money to spend on themselves. Majority of the respondent’s boys and girls said they saved the money that they got as pocket money. Most of the respondents recalled chocolate advertisements more than any other.All the girls recalled ’Perk’ advertisement more than any other. Important thing was that respondents who said they did not like advertisements too recognized at least three to four advertisements. Suggestions for further study: Subsequent research must fulfill methodological requirements (1) In order to investigate earlier development in watching behavioral reactions to advertisements, sampling must include children younger than those in those in the present research that is from three to seven year old. 2) Sample can be increased from a mere 25 per cent to around 50 percent so that generalizations can be made more freely. (3) Sampling can be done even from rural areas. There is a boom in television viewing in rural areas too. (4) Research is needed to determine why some children and adolescents too develop negative feeling towards advertisements. (5) Research needs to be done into why younger children have high attention span of advertisements than older children that is children above 14 years have a less attention span.

The Favorite Child - 1413 Words

THE FAVORITE CHILD A Father is one of the most important identity in our lives. He protects us from all kinds of dangers and troubles, provides us with anything or everything, unconditionally. He is a mentor, a role model and a figure who provides love and support to the whole family throughout his life. A father and a son have a very special bonding as the father has been in the same shoes and thus understands one’s emotion and need more than anyone else. Growing up, I always wondered especially when it was the birthday month, if my father had more love for my sister compared to me. Whenever I would ask him the golden question he would tell me that if love could be quantified then his love for me and my sister was equal to the millionth digit. For someone who was known for his straightforwardness and honesty, his reply seemed only politically correct. My expectations for better treatment would rise every year as I grew up. I was living in a world of inferiority complex. 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